Design and Synthesis of Class-specific Haptens for Quinolones
Creative Biolabs, with more than a decade of experience in antibody development, has provided countless unparalleled products and services to scientists worldwide. In the field of small molecule drug antibody development, we have also laid out early. Now we can provide customers with design, optimization and synthesis services for the class-specific haptens for quinolones.
Preparation of Antibodies for Quinolones
Quinolones are a broad-spectrum antibacterial drug and are widely used in the prevention and treatment of animal diseases. Animals treated with QNs may have QNs residues in their products, which is harmful to the health of consumers, and long-term use of QNs may induce bacteria to develop resistance to them.
Immunoassay has the advantages of simple, fast, high-throughput, high sensitivity, and low cost. It has gradually become a mature method for veterinary drug residue analysis. Antibodies are the key to immunoassay. It determines the sensitivity and specificity of immunoassay. At present, obtaining the ideal broad-spectrum antibody is the main bottleneck that restricts the development of multi-residue ELISA. Researchers have used complex hapten preparation methods to obtain broad-spectrum antibodies to sulfonamides (SAs) drugs. The development of molecular simulation and other technologies has also promoted the development of class-specific broad-spectrum antibodies.
Design and Synthesis of Class-specific Haptens for Quinolones
The ability of an antibody to specifically bind to an antigen depends on the degree of spatial complementarity between the antibody's antigen-binding site and the antigenic determinant, as well as the distribution and nature of molecular surface groups. Antibodies can show a specific affinity for a compound, and can also recognize a class of structurally similar compounds, which is the basis for the development of broad-spectrum class-specific antibodies. The specific binding of an antigen to an antibody depends on the structural or chemical reaction occurring at the antigen-binding site on the antibody, and its specificity is affected by the nature of the antigen (chemical composition, spatial configuration, optical configuration, and stereo conformation), and precise regulation of single amino acid residues (ionic bonds, van der Waals forces, hydrophobic forces, short-range charge reactions, etc.) located in the hypervariable region of the antibody molecule.
With the advancement of molecular simulation technology, Creative Biolabs has conducted more in-depth research on the interaction between antigens and antibodies. Therefore, we have gained rich experience in antibody development, and has a large number of strategies and practices in the design and optimization of haptens. Our synthetic haptens can efficiently induce the production of ideal antibodies.
Fig.1 Structure of pazufloxacin.
Taking pazufloxacin as an example, unlike most quinolone drugs with a piperazine ring, the group C-7 of pazufloxacin is aminocyclopropyl, and the C-8 and N-1 are oxygen nitrogen heterocycle, which may improve broad spectrum. Therefore, pazufloxacin was used as a hapten to prepare an anti-pazufloxacin antibody and an ELISA method was established. The result showed that the IC50 of the ELISA was 10.3 ng/mL, and the sensitivity was high. Moreover, the results of specific analysis showed that pazufloxacin antibodies could recognize 24 quinolone drugs with broad spectrum. 3D QSAR analysis found that the stereo field plays a major role in antibody recognition. The V-shaped structure formed by the amino group at the C-7 position and cyclopropyl group can form a larger cavity, which is the main factor for the broad-spectrum recognition performance of pazufloxacin antibodies.
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