Design and Synthesis of Class-specific Haptens for Sulfonamides
Based on our well-established hapten design platform, Creative Biolabs offers customized design and synthesis services of class-specific haptens for sulfonamides. We will help our global customers design and produce the most suitable sulfonamides hapten using our advanced techniques.
Introduction of Sulfonamides
Sulfonamides (SAs) form a group of antimicrobial synthetic agents that are derivatives of sulfanilamide (paminobenzene sulfonic acid). SAs are commonly used as antimicrobial drugs prior to the advent of antibiotics for the prophylaxis and treatment of infectious diseases. SAs share the common chemical nucleus; in this nucleus, SAs are usually defined as N1-position or N4-position substituted compounds, depending on the substitution of the amido (designated as N1) or aromatic (designated as N4) amino group. By substitution at N1 and/or N4 positions about 5000 compounds are synthesized and among 30 of them could be of clinical significance. Substitutions made in the N1 are a common structural feature of SAs and they exhibit variable antibacterial activity. These N1-substituted SAs are often used as antimicrobial agents in veterinary and human medicine for the treatment and prevention of bacterial infections.
Fig.1 Common sulfonamides structures. (Zhang, 2009)
Class-specific Sulfonamide Hapten as Immunogen
Due to their inherent heterogeneity of sulfonamide haptens, antibodies generated from animals immunized with these hapten-protein conjugates, are usually cross-reactive to other haptens of similar structure. This cross-reactivity can be an advantageous characteristic for class-specific applications, and the aim of developing generic antibodies has mainly focused on the SAs structure and its orientation within the immunogen. The common amino-benzene-sulfonamide moiety is at the immunodominant position by linkage at the N1 position with pyrimidinyl, pyridinyl, benzyl ring, and other structures. Antibodies with high-affinity and class-specific against SAs can be obtained after designed and synthesized by chemical substitution at the N1 position. The chemical structures between all of these haptens are not so great different with regard to geometry. The general structure of the SAs with the comparatively large common aromatic ring moiety at one end of the molecule looks eminently suitable for broad specificity antibody generation.
Design, Modification and Synthesis Service of Class-specific SAs Hapten
The design of a desirable hapten is the key step in antibody production. The selection of hapten may improve the selectivity of an antibody, and the structure of hapten is regarded as the most important influence factor in the formation of antibody selectivity to the SAs.
On the basis of molecular modeling and theoretical tools, chemical criteria information may assist to rationally design the most appropriate hapten with directed affinity, or selectivity to maximize recognition of the common aniline moiety. When the common amino benzene-sulfonamide moiety was situated at the immune dominant position by linkage through the N1 group, antibodies with a broad cross-reactivity pattern could be obtained. Using these tools, Creative Biolabs can provide the design and modification of haptens at N1 position for the production of antibodies with wide recognition profiles for sulfonamide antibiotics.
Features of Our Hapten Design Service
- A personalized strategy for antigen design and synthesis
- Versatile strategies available for customers’ choices
- Fast turnaround time and quality controls at each phase
- Timely progress reports
- With limited risk and reasonable costs
Creative Biolabs is a leading service provider that focuses on hapten design and synthesis. Our scientists are greatly pleased with our extensive experience and provide an advanced hapten design platform to meet each of your specific needs. If you are interested in our design and synthesis for sulfonamides service, please do not hesitate to contact us for more details.
Reference
- Zhang, H.; Wang S. Review on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for sulfonamide residues in edible animal products. Journal of immunological methods. 2009, 350(1-2): 1-13.